Dein Suchergebnis zum Thema: buch

Reducing power consumption is a vital building block for transforming the energy system. In the contribution, we will present insights from an ongoing research project “Power efficiency classes for households” studying how power consumption in households can be sustainably reduced and stabilized over the long term. The approach uses the concept of efficiency classes to provide a comparative feedback on households’ total power consumption. The power efficiency classes of households are developed as an indicator for households to more easily estimate their total power consumption and better implement specific goals for saving power. The efficiency classes range from 1-7 – like the power label of the European Union –, with 1 being the best possible class, i.e. the lowest power consumption. On this basis the power efficiency label pools the total power consumption of a household and assigns it a consumption class. A labelling process for particularly frugal households or households achieving a significant reduction in power use that is harmonized with this procedure makes things simple and transparent and thus increases the motivation to attain a better power efficiency class. An energy audit and corresponding power saving packages help households identify saving potentials in order to improve their power efficiency class. This approach is implemented in 100 selected households in cooperation with power companies and manufacturers of appliances in a field test. The aim of this test is to evaluate the households’ sensitization for their own power consumption and the suitability of the various power saving packages. In the contribution, we will present the power efficiency classes for households and report results from the field test in the participating households. Against this background, we will discuss some implications for implementing and scaling-up sustainable consumption and production (SCP) practices in relation to sustainable energy use, to improve efficiency on a household level and to raise awareness for rebound effects.
Energiewende und Klimapolitik Publikationen Produkte & Stoffströme Bücher

Meeting energy and climate targets requires phasing out the use of fossil fuels in the heating sector, demanding an extensive overhaul of infrastructure. The expansion of district heating and electricity distribution grids will be essential for this transition, while parts of the gas distribution network will become redundant. Regional and municipal heating plans, mandated by the EED and the decarbonised gas and hydrogen market package, require planning that should involve identifying areas where gas distribution networks will be decommissioned or dismantled in the future. The process will be accelerated by phasing out or introducing efficiency regulations for heating installations. How should the efficient and orderly transformation of the gas network be accomplished? To this end, we compare the status-quo as well as recent the developments of gas grid infrastructures across four European countries, namely Austria, Germany, the Netherlands, and the UK. Additionally, we analyse the current regulations for ga
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To reduce Germany’s total GHG emissions by 95 % by 2050, the building sector must be completely decarbonised. Due to the inertia of the sector, it is necessary to significantly accelerate the renovation of buildings and the transformation towards climate-neutral heat supply technologies. Our analysis identifies which measures need to be implemented by which date at the latest, to achieve the long-term target of full decarbonisation. Based on this we develop a consistent set of policy instruments that would enable the building stock becoming climate neutral in 2050. For both, measures and policies, a roadmap for the heat transition in Germany is developed with short- (2020-2025), medium- (2025-2035) and long-term (2035-2050) guidelines and recommendations. The roadmap of measures is based on an analysis of potential risks and how they could be compensated. Potential risks include for example failing to achieve the refurbishment rates and renovation standards required to realize climate neutrality; or failing to get renewable heat quickly enough into the heating market. Options to offset resulting gaps include an additional use of domestic renewable energy, increased efficiency efforts or the import of renewable energy. The roadmap is divided into four blocks addressing the overall regulatory framework, demand reduction in buildings, heat supply technologies and district heating. The roadmap of measures is “translated” into a roadmap of policy instruments. The policy roadmap includes regulatory approaches, support programs as well as informative instruments. The policy roadmap is designed to provide sufficient incentives for target achievement while avoiding lock-in effects that would undermine meeting the long-term goal.
neutral building stock 11.10.2021 Publikationen Energie & Klimaschutz Bücher

Published in: Historical Social Research 49 (2024) 1 Nuclear energy has long attracted the attention of scholars in the humanities and social sciences. With this HSR Special Issue, we would like to push the scholarly frontier by highlighting the geographies of nuclear energy in the past and present. Nuclear energy is inherently interwoven with geography. We argue that to fully appreciate and grasp nuclear energy’s geographical and spatial dimensions, approaches from a range of disciplinary and interdisciplinary fields are needed. This special issue thus includes contributions from history, geography, political science, technology assessment, science and technology stud-ies (STS), and other fields. This article introduces this topic by outlining the state of the art of the geographies of nuclear energy and discusses different conceptual frameworks of how to understand nuclear-space interactions. In addition, the individual articles in this issue are briefly presented here and discussed within the research con
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Negativ schlägt heute noch ihr hoher Energieverbrauch zu Buche, der in der Zukunft

The EU’s regulatory framework for genetically modified organisms (GMOs) was developed for “classical” transgenic GMOs, yet advancements in so-called “new genomic techniques (NGTs)” have led to implementation challenges regarding detection and identification. As traceability can complement detection and identification strategies, improvements to the existing traceability strategy for GMOs are investigated in this study. Our results are based on a comprehensive analysis of existing traceability systems for globally traded agricultural products, with a focus on soy. Alternative traceability strategies in other sectors were also analysed. One focus was on traceability strategies for products with characteristics for which there are no analytical verification methods. Examples include imports of “conflict minerals” into the EU. The so-called EU Conflict Minerals Regulation requires importers of certain raw materials to carry out due diligence in the supply chain. Due diligence regulations, such as the EU’s Conflic
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The impact of a global phase-out of nuclear energy is assessed for the costs of meeting international climate policy targets for 2020. The analysis is based on simulations with the Prospective Outlook on Long-term Energy Systems (POLES) global energy systems model. The phase-out of nuclear power increases GHG emissions by 2% globally and 7% for Annex I countries. The price of certificates increases by 24% and total compliance costs of Annex I countries rise by 28%. Compliance costs increase most for Japan (+58%) and the US (+28%). China, India, and Russia benefit from a global nuclear phase-out because revenues from higher trading volumes of certificates outweigh the costs of losing nuclear power as a mitigation option. Even for countries that face a relatively large increase in compliance costs, such as Japan, the nuclear phase-out implies a relatively small overall economic burden. When trading of certificates is available only to countries that committed to a second Kyoto period, the nuclear phase-out results in a larger increase in the compliance costs for the group of Annex I countries (but not for the EU and Australia). Results from sensitivity analyses suggest that the findings are fairly robust to alternative burden-sharing schemes and emission target levels.Policy relevanceNew calculations show that the impact of a global phase-out of nuclear energy on global mitigation costs is quite modest, but that there are substantial differences for countries. Total compliance costs increase the most for Japan and the US, but these are rather marginal if measured in terms of GDP. China, India, and Russia benefit from a nuclear phase-out because their additional revenues from selling certificates outweigh the additional costs of losing nuclear power as a mitigation option. The findings also highlight the importance of certificate trading to achieving climate targets in a cost-efficient way. If Japan or the US were to be banned from certificate trading, along with other countries, because of their non-participation in a second Kyoto period, then their compliance costs would increase substantially under a nuclear phase-out. The EU, however, would benefit because certificate prices would be lower. Published in: „Climate Policy“, 14:3, 327-352, DOI: 10.1080/14693062.2014.852018
Publikationen Energiewende und Klimapolitik Energie & Klimaschutz Bücher

In der Debatte um Klimaschutz und Förderung erneuerbarer Energien wird eine verstärkte stoffliche und thermische Verwendung von Holz als vermeintlich klimaneutraler Baustoff und Energieträger häufig pauschal als sinnvoll propagiert. Die Umsetzung dieses Narrativs führt zu intensiverer Nutzung der Wälder sowie zum weiteren Anstieg des globalen Rohholzaufkommens bei gleichzeitiger Verminderung der Holzvorräte und trägt auch zum Schwund der letzten europäischen Urwälder bei. Der vorliegende zweite Teil eines literaturbasierten Diskussionsbeitrags zu Urwäldern, Naturwäldern und Wirtschaftswäldern im Kontext des Biodiversitäts- und des Klimaschutzes analysiert die Entwicklung der Holzvorräte und Holzverwendung in Deutschland und beleuchtet die CO2-Senkenleistung von Holz für die vorherrschenden Nutzungspfade. Dieser Komplex hat wichtige Rückkopplungen zu Anliegen des Biodiversitätsschutzes. Kritisch betrachtet werden die Klimarelevanz von Holz als Substitut für andere Ressourcen und die vermeintliche CO2-Neutralität von Holz als Energiequelle. Die klimapolitischen Ziele der EU und Deutschlands und deren instrumentelle Umsetzung überschätzen die Leistungsfähigkeit von Wäldern als CO2-Senke und die Lieferfähigkeit für die Ressource Holz. Dies gilt besonders in Anbetracht der Folgen des Klimawandels. Die Forderung an die Politik ist der Verzicht auf Holzeinschlag in Ur- und Naturwäldern und die Einführung entsprechender normativer Vorgaben sowie Kriterien, um die Stammholznutzung für energetische Zwecke einzuschränken. Dies gilt speziell für Importe von Pellets und Hackschnitzeln zur Verstromung in Großkraftwerken. Eine thermische Nutzung von Holz und kurzlebigen Holzprodukten führt gegenüber der fossilen Referenz meist nur zu geringen bis keinen Reduktionen der Treibhausgasemissionen. Stofflich nicht weiter verwertbares Holz, Restholz oder Sägenebenprodukte sollten thermisch und dann möglichst ortsnah in effizienten Anlagen eingesetzt werden. Holz, das in Form von lebenden Bäumen oder Totholz im Wald verbleibt, kann im Vergleich zur energetischen und ineffizienten stofflichen Verwertung einen mindestens ebenso hohen, oft sogar größeren Beitrag zum Klimaschutz leisten. Nicht maximaler Ertrag, sondern Walderhalt mit möglichst resistenten und resilienten Beständen muss das vorrangige Ziel der Forst- und Holzwirtschaft sein. Teil 1: Funktionen für die biologische Vielfalt und als Kohlenstoffsenke und -speicher finden Sie hier >> Click here for the English version >>
Klimaschutz – Teil 2: 31.12.2021 Publikationen Energie & Klimaschutz Bücher

Besonders die „letzte Meile“ schlägt hier bei den Emissionen zu Buche.

Ökologischer Fußabdruck zu hoch / WWF-Studie mit Öko-Instituts-Berechnungen heute veröffentlicht Das Reisefieber der Deutschen geht auf Kosten des Klimas. Die ohnehin hohen Emissionen durch den Tourismus werden in Zukunft vermutlich weiter ansteigen. Dabei variieren die Klimafolgen einzelner Reisen enorm. Der zweiwöchige Luxusurlaub eines Paares in Mexiko verursacht fast dreißig Mal mehr CO2-Emissionen wie der gleichlange Familienurlaub auf Rügen. Dies geht aus einer am heutigen Montag in Hamburg veröffentlichten WWF-Studie hervor, zu der das Öko-Institut einige Berechnungen angestellt hat. Eine Broschüre fasst die wichtigsten Ergebnisse zusammen, sie kann kostenlos heruntergeladen werden: www.wwf.de/touristischer-klima-fussabdruck/
der zweiwöchige Ostseeurlaub einer vierköpfigen Familie mit 258 Kilogramm CO2 zu Buche