With a focus on developing and emerging economies we explore the following questions: What type of industrial policy instruments work best, and in what circumstances, to support low carbon development? How can governments manage economic rents to mobilize long-term private investment in new clean technologies while avoiding political capture? How to best direct such investments towards opportunities for enhancing private sector competitiveness, localising value chains, transferring know-how, and building innovation systems for clean technologies?
political economy of energy reform: the clean energy – fossil